Recently updated on October 8th, 2025 at 07:42 pm

Overview

In Alaska, a person who reasonably believes they have been the victim of sexual assault or sexual stalking may seek protection through a Sexual Assault Protective Order (SAPO) under AS 18.65.850 et seq. A SAPO is a civil remedy that can provide immediate, enforceable restrictions—including emergency (ex parte) orders—without waiting for criminal prosecution. The Alaska Court System publishes the forms (CIV-750 for sexual assault petitions) and instructions and offers an online petition wizard to help petitioners complete and file protective order requests.

Who benefits and who may apply (including on behalf of others)

Intended beneficiaries are people who have been sexually assaulted, coerced into sexual acts, or who are victims of sexually based stalking. An adult may file for themselves; a parent or legal guardian may file on behalf of a minor; a guardian or authorized representative may file for an incapacitated person where appropriate. The CIV-750 form and court instructions describe how to indicate third-party filing and required verifications. Victim-service organizations and court self-help materials can assist petitioners with filing.

Benefits of a Sexual Assault Protective Order

• Immediate civil restrictions (no contact, stay-away, distance requirements) that law enforcement can enforce.
• Availability of an ex parte (temporary) order when immediate danger is demonstrated.
• Formal documentation of the safety needs that can support criminal cases, workplace/school safety requests, or further civil actions.
• Access to local victim services and court accommodations for trauma-informed proceedings.

Detailed 10-Step Process

Step 1 — Immediate Safety and Emergency Help

The first and most important step in seeking a Sexual Assault Protective Order (SAPO) in Alaska is ensuring your immediate safety. The law allows for rapid intervention through law enforcement and emergency orders, but before any paperwork is filed, your personal protection must come first. If you are in active danger or believe an assault or stalking incident may recur soon, you should call 911 immediately. Alaska’s emergency dispatchers are trained to prioritize calls involving sexual violence or threats of harm. Clearly describe your location, whether the suspect is still nearby, and any weapons, injuries, or children present.

When officers arrive, request a case or incident number and write it down — this number links your protective order request to an official law enforcement report, which strengthens your court filing. Officers can also help separate parties, escort you to a safe location, and notify emergency shelters or advocacy services. In rural Alaska, where distances and weather can delay response times, dispatchers often coordinate with Village Public Safety Officers (VPSOs), Alaska State Troopers, or local police, depending on jurisdiction. Even if the officer cannot arrest the perpetrator immediately, documenting the threat establishes a record that may be critical later in court.

If you cannot safely make a phone call, try to use text-to-911 (available in certain Alaska jurisdictions) or contact a friend, neighbor, or co-worker to call for you. Victims in smaller communities often worry about privacy — if you share housing or community networks with the respondent, you can still ask dispatch to handle your case discreetly. In towns without a 24-hour police presence, call Alaska State Troopers at 907-269-5511 or your local post number; they can issue emergency protective orders telephonically in coordination with a judge.

Next, assess whether you need medical attention. Even if you are not visibly injured, you should consider visiting an emergency department or a SART (Sexual Assault Response Team) clinic. These facilities can provide a forensic medical exam (“rape kit”) and crisis counseling. You do not have to file a police report immediately to receive an exam, but obtaining one preserves critical evidence that can support your SAPO and any future criminal case. Hospitals in Anchorage, Fairbanks, Juneau, and Bethel have dedicated sexual assault nurse examiners (SANEs); smaller communities may use traveling or on-call professionals coordinated by the Alaska Council on Domestic Violence & Sexual Assault (CDVSA).

After immediate danger has passed, find a secure temporary location where the respondent cannot contact or find you. Shelters and victim service agencies, such as STAR Alaska, AWARE Juneau, and Tundra Women’s Coalition, can provide safe housing, counseling, and assistance with protective order paperwork. These organizations also maintain 24-hour hotlines that can guide you through filing procedures or connect you with an advocate who may accompany you to court. Keep essential items — identification, any communication devices, medications, and copies of evidence — in a small, discreet bag so you can relocate quickly if necessary.

If travel to the courthouse is unsafe or logistically difficult (for example, due to rural isolation, weather, or respondent surveillance), you can ask about remote filing options. The Alaska Court System allows petitioners to request accommodations such as telephone or video hearings, remote notarization of forms, and flexible filing by fax or email through the clerk’s office. Inform the clerk or advocate that you fear for your safety when traveling; they can help arrange safer alternatives. Some courts can even schedule after-hours or weekend hearings for emergency ex parte protective orders, typically reviewed by a duty judge.

Throughout this step, focus on documentation and communication. Write down the names of responding officers, case numbers, and every incident of contact or threat. Save voicemails, texts, or social media messages that show the respondent’s attempts to contact you. Do not delete these, even if you feel tempted to “move on”; every piece of evidence may later support your sworn affidavit. If you have trusted friends or relatives, inform them of your situation and provide them with the court’s contact information in case you go unreachable.

In summary, Step 1 is about stabilizing your situation so you can safely move forward with legal protection. The Alaska system is designed to respond quickly once you engage it — but that engagement begins with ensuring your immediate safety, documenting the threat, and linking your case with law enforcement and advocacy support. Once you are in a safe place and have initial documentation, you can proceed to Step 2, which involves determining whether a SAPO is the correct remedy for your circumstances.

Step 2 — Determine that a SAPO is the Correct Remedy

After you have taken steps to ensure your safety, the next critical decision is determining whether a Sexual Assault Protective Order (SAPO) is the correct legal remedy for your circumstances. Alaska law distinguishes between several different types of protective orders depending on the relationship between the parties and the nature of the conduct. Choosing the correct category at the start prevents delays, re-filings, and confusion at the courthouse. This determination is guided primarily by the Alaska Statutes under AS 18.65.850–870 and the court’s self-help materials.

A SAPO is designed specifically for individuals who have experienced sexual assault, attempted sexual assault, or sexually motivated stalking by someone with whom they do not share a household or intimate relationship. In contrast, a Domestic Violence Protective Order (DVPO) applies when the person causing harm is a spouse, ex-spouse, cohabitant, family member, or intimate partner. If you have no household or dating connection to the respondent and the conduct involved unwanted sexual acts or persistent sexually motivated contact, then the SAPO is likely the right path.

The law defines sexual assault broadly to include any unwanted sexual penetration or sexual contact without consent, regardless of whether criminal charges have been filed. This means you do not need to wait for an arrest or prosecution to ask for protection. Even a single incident may qualify. Sexual stalking, meanwhile, covers a repeated pattern of unwanted attention or contact of a sexual nature that causes you to feel threatened, intimidated, or harassed. Examples include receiving explicit messages after telling the person to stop, being followed to your workplace, or being recorded without consent.

The Alaska Court System provides public forms and guidance to help you make this determination. When in doubt, court clerks and self-help center staff can guide you to the correct form set—though they cannot give legal advice, they can explain whether your situation sounds more like a SAPO or another protective order type. You may also consult victim advocates, who have experience distinguishing between these categories and can help you select the right path before filing.

For example, if you were assaulted by a neighbor, coworker, classmate, or stranger, you should pursue a SAPO. However, if the respondent is someone you live with, have dated, or share children with, you should file for a DVPO instead. Sometimes the two remedies overlap—for instance, if a former partner sexually assaulted you after the relationship ended. In those cases, you may be eligible for either form of protection, and you can note both relationship and sexual conduct elements in your petition. The court will then ensure the proper category is applied.

Understanding this distinction is not merely procedural—it affects the protections available and how enforcement occurs. SAPOs can order the respondent not to contact, approach, or communicate with you in any form, stay away from specific locations (your home, school, or work), and surrender firearms when allowed by law. They are civil orders and can be granted even if the respondent has not been charged criminally. Violating a SAPO is a criminal offense under AS 11.56.740 and can lead to immediate arrest.

In some cases, survivors initially file under the wrong category because the relationships are complex. For example, a roommate situation may not qualify as a household relationship if the individuals were not in a romantic partnership or shared domestic responsibilities. If you file the wrong form, the judge can often convert your case to the correct category, but this may require a new hearing or fresh notice to the respondent. To avoid these procedural delays, review the petition forms carefully before submission. The CIV-750 form for SAPO clearly asks whether you and the respondent live together or have been in a dating relationship—answering accurately ensures proper routing.

In Alaska’s smaller communities, relationships and social networks are often intertwined, and victims may fear that labeling the respondent as a household member or dating partner could affect how others perceive the case. Nonetheless, accuracy matters because protective order databases, service of process procedures, and enforcement rules differ between SAPOs, DVPOs, and stalking protective orders. If you remain unsure, a victim advocate or legal aid attorney can confidentially review your situation and advise which statute applies without requiring you to disclose details publicly.

Before leaving this step, confirm that you have reviewed the definitions in AS 18.65.850 and that your experience falls within the conduct described. Double-check whether another remedy, such as a Stalking Protective Order under AS 18.65.850(b), might better fit your situation. If you determine that the SAPO statute applies, move forward confidently knowing that the Alaska Court System recognizes your right to protection from sexual violence regardless of your relationship to the offender.

Once you have confirmed that the SAPO is the correct remedy, you can proceed to Step 3, where you will gather evidence and information to support your petition. Taking time at this stage to ensure you are filing the correct form will make the remaining process smoother and your hearing more effective.

Step 3 — Gather Information and Evidence

Once you have confirmed that a Sexual Assault Protective Order (SAPO) is the right legal tool, your next focus should be gathering information and evidence to support your petition. This preparation step is often what determines whether your request will be granted and how comprehensive the resulting protection will be. Courts decide protective order cases based on sworn written statements (affidavits) and oral testimony, so thorough and credible evidence is essential.

Start by creating a detailed written timeline of the events leading to your request. Use a chronological format, listing dates, times, locations, and a clear description of what occurred during each incident. Even if you cannot recall exact dates, approximate them as best as possible and describe the sequence of events relative to other known dates—such as holidays, school terms, or work shifts. Judges rely heavily on a petitioner’s clarity in recounting events. It is better to note early March 2024 than to leave a date blank.

In your timeline, include any instances of unwanted sexual contact, threats, stalking, or harassment, along with your responses—whether you tried to avoid the respondent, blocked communication, reported to police, or told a friend. Write objectively and factually. Avoid emotional adjectives like horrible or terrifying and instead use concrete details such as respondent entered my apartment without permission and touched me while I was sleeping. Courts respond more effectively to specific behavior than to general statements of fear.

Next, gather physical and digital evidence that supports your statements. Save and print screenshots of text messages, emails, call logs, or social media messages showing unwanted sexual advances or threats. If the respondent contacted you from multiple accounts or phone numbers, document each one. Preserve voicemails or audio messages—do not delete them, even if you find them distressing. If possible, make a backup copy on a separate device or USB drive. Screenshots should include visible dates, times, and sender information whenever possible.

If there are photographs of injuries, property damage, or locations where incidents occurred, print them and label each photo with the date and a short caption explaining what it shows. For example, Photo 1 – bruise on left arm, taken on May 12, 2024, after incident at home. Similarly, if you received medical treatment or counseling after the assault, obtain copies of visit summaries, discharge notes, or physician statements confirming the visit. You are not required to share full medical records; a brief note showing that you sought treatment on a given date can be powerful evidence.

If you made any reports to police, campus security, workplace supervisors, or school administrators, request copies of those reports or at least the case numbers. In Alaska, law enforcement agencies must provide victims with a record number even if no arrest occurred. Including these numbers in your petition signals to the judge that official documentation exists. You can also ask the responding officer or investigator for a brief witness statement if they are willing.

Witnesses can play a critical supporting role. Anyone who observed the incidents, saw your injuries, or heard threats can submit a written statement or testify at your hearing. Keep these statements concise—judges prefer factual, firsthand accounts rather than opinions. For example, a friend might write: On June 2, 2024, I saw the respondent waiting in the parking lot outside the petitioner’s workplace after she told him not to come there. If you fear that witnesses may face retaliation, you can inform the court and request confidentiality measures.

Organize all your evidence in a binder or folder. Courts appreciate clear, labeled exhibits. Create three copies: one for yourself, one for the judge, and one for the respondent (as required by service rules). Number each exhibit and reference it in your written narrative so that the judge can follow easily—for example, See Exhibit 3: Screenshot of text message from May 12, 2024. Avoid overloading the court with irrelevant material; focus on events and communications directly related to the sexual assault or stalking conduct.

If you have safety concerns about revealing your address or contact information, Alaska law allows you to use a confidential mailing address through the Address Confidentiality Program (ACP) administered by the Alaska Department of Law. You can also ask the court to keep certain identifying information under seal. Discuss this with a clerk or victim advocate before filing so that your privacy is protected while still presenting the evidence the judge needs.

This stage is also a good time to prepare a short written summary to attach to your CIV-750 petition. While the petition form provides checkboxes for relief and brief text boxes for facts, a typed narrative (often called an attachment to petition) can clarify the context of your request. The clearer your documentation, the less likely the court will delay or deny protection due to lack of detail. Remember, judges must rely primarily on the evidence you present; they cannot investigate on their own.

By the end of this step, you should have a well-organized set of facts, supporting documentation, and potential witnesses ready to accompany your filing. The goal is not to overwhelm the court but to demonstrate credibility and a consistent pattern of unwanted, sexually motivated conduct. Once your materials are in order, you are ready to move on to Step 4, where you will complete the required court forms to formally request the protective order.

Step 4 — Complete the Correct Forms

After gathering evidence and preparing your supporting materials, the next step is to complete the official Alaska court forms to request a Sexual Assault Protective Order (SAPO). This step translates your experiences and documentation into a legally recognized petition that the court can review. In Alaska, this process primarily revolves around form CIV-750, titled Petition for Sexual Assault Protective Order, and its companion, CIV-751, which provides detailed instructions. The Alaska Court System provides both documents online and at every courthouse.

Begin by carefully reading CIV-751, as it guides you line-by-line through what the judge expects. The language in the petition is legal but straightforward, and following the instructions closely will help you avoid missing critical details. Remember that accuracy and completeness are more important than speed. If English is not your first language, you can request interpreter assistance through the clerk’s office. The Alaska Court System has an obligation to provide qualified interpreters for litigants in protective order proceedings.

At the top of the CIV-750 form, you’ll see spaces for basic identifying information: your name, date of birth, and contact details. If you are afraid the respondent will discover your address, you can request confidentiality under the Address Confidentiality Program (ACP) or ask to list an alternative mailing address, such as a P.O. box or an advocacy center. The form explicitly allows you to check a box requesting that your physical address be kept confidential. If you are filing on behalf of someone else, such as a minor or an incapacitated person, clearly identify that role and include documentation establishing your authority (such as a guardianship order or notarized statement).

Next, identify the respondent as precisely as possible. Include their full name, birth date (if known), physical description, and any aliases. If you do not know certain information, leave those fields blank, but provide as much detail as you can about where they can be found for service—addresses, phone numbers, workplaces, or even habitual locations like schools or gyms. The success of later service (Step 7) depends on how complete this section is.

The main body of the petition asks you to describe what the respondent did. This is where you summarize your timeline from Step 3. Be factual and specific: include what happened, when it happened, and how it made you fear for your safety. Each paragraph should address a distinct incident or pattern of conduct. Avoid lengthy emotional narratives; instead, describe specific acts. For example, “On May 18, 2024, respondent followed me to work after I told him not to contact me again. He parked outside my building for two hours and sent me several sexually explicit messages.” These details help the judge see both the immediacy and seriousness of the threat.

You’ll then find a section labeled “Relief Requested.” This is where you specify what protections you want the court to order. The CIV-750 form includes checkboxes for several types of relief:

• No contact of any kind (in person, phone, email, text, or social media)
• Stay-away distances (from home, workplace, school, or other specified places)
• Prohibition on the respondent entering your vehicle or residence
• Firearm restrictions where applicable
• Other conditions the judge may find necessary to protect you

Be clear and realistic when describing distance restrictions. You might request that the respondent stay 500 feet away from your residence, 200 feet from your workplace, or have no contact in any form. If you live in a small community or attend the same school as the respondent, describe the circumstances so the court can craft an enforceable and practical order. The more precise you are, the easier it will be for law enforcement to enforce the terms later.

If you have already experienced direct or implied threats since the incident, describe them in the section titled Why I Need Protection. Include examples such as repeated phone calls, messages, or in-person encounters. If there is an active criminal investigation or a previous protective order, list the case numbers and jurisdictions so the court can cross-reference.

Finally, sign and date the petition. You will be required to swear that the statements you’ve made are true under penalty of perjury. This signature typically occurs in front of a clerk or notary. If you cannot appear in person, some courts accept notarization through remote services, but check with the clerk first. Keep a copy of the completed petition for your records.

When your petition is ready, double-check all sections for completeness and legibility. Judges and clerks often work under time constraints, and clear handwriting or typed entries make processing faster. Attach your timeline and supporting documents neatly labeled as “attachments.” The clerk will stamp them and include them as part of the official record.

Completing the forms thoroughly and clearly ensures that the judge understands the scope of your situation without needing additional clarification. Once the paperwork is finalized, you’re ready to move to Step 5, where you will file your petition with the appropriate court and learn how the court schedules hearings and reviews ex parte requests for immediate protection.

Step 5 — File the Petition with the Court

After completing your petition and gathering all necessary attachments, the next step is to officially file your Sexual Assault Protective Order (SAPO) with the Alaska Court System. Filing is what initiates your case and allows the court to issue temporary or long-term protection. This stage transforms your written documentation into a formal court record, which the judge can act upon immediately if emergency protection is needed.

You must file your SAPO petition in a court that has jurisdiction over the incident or the respondent. In Alaska, protective orders are typically filed in the superior or district court located in the judicial district where either you or the respondent lives, or where the assault or stalking occurred. Most larger towns—such as Anchorage, Fairbanks, Juneau, Bethel, and Palmer—have courthouses that handle SAPO petitions daily. In smaller communities, petitions may be filed through local magistrates or traveling court clerks. If you are uncertain which court to use, the Alaska Court System website provides a directory of locations with contact numbers and hours.

There is no filing fee for a Sexual Assault Protective Order under AS 18.65.850–.870. The Alaska legislature specifically waived these costs to ensure that victims of sexual violence can seek protection without financial barriers. This includes not only the petition filing itself but also copies and service by law enforcement in most cases. However, if you request multiple certified copies or private service, there may be small optional fees. You can always ask the clerk to clarify what costs, if any, might apply.

When you arrive at the courthouse, bring your completed petition (CIV-750), your attachments or exhibits, and your identification. The clerk will review the paperwork for completeness—not for content accuracy, but to make sure all required sections are filled in and signed. If you have questions about how to file or whether you need additional forms, the clerk can provide procedural information, though they cannot give legal advice or help you write your statements. If you require assistance with language interpretation, disability accommodation, or remote appearance, notify the clerk at this stage.

If you fear seeing the respondent or if you believe filing in person could place you at risk, ask about alternative filing options. Many Alaska courts accept SAPO filings by fax, email, or through secure electronic filing channels, particularly in rural areas or emergencies. The clerk can also arrange for a private waiting area if you must appear in person. In some communities, advocates from local shelters or victim service agencies are present at the courthouse and can accompany you for safety and support.

After you submit your paperwork, the clerk will assign a case number and date stamp each page. This number is crucial—it identifies your case throughout the court system. Keep a copy of the stamped petition for your records. The clerk will then route your file to a judge for review. If your petition includes a request for an emergency or ex parte protective order, the review can often occur the same day, sometimes within hours, depending on the court’s schedule and available judges.

The judge will examine your petition and attachments to determine whether immediate relief is justified. If the court finds that you are in danger of sexual assault or sexual stalking, it can issue a temporary order that remains in effect until a full hearing is held—usually within 20 days. You will receive certified copies of this temporary order, which should be kept with you at all times. Law enforcement officers will use this document to enforce its terms if violations occur.

If your situation does not qualify for an ex parte order but still meets the statutory criteria for a SAPO, the court will set a hearing date. The clerk will provide you with the scheduled date, time, and courtroom information, as well as instructions for service on the respondent. It is your responsibility to make sure the respondent receives official notice of the hearing (as covered in Step 7), because the court cannot enforce an order against someone who has not been properly served.

Before leaving the courthouse, confirm with the clerk how you will be notified about updates—some courts use phone calls, others use mail or email. Ask how to obtain additional copies if you need to give one to your workplace, school, or housing authority. If you have an advocate assisting you, share your case number with them so they can monitor progress or help prepare for the hearing.

Filing marks the moment your case becomes part of the judicial system. It can be an emotional and stressful step, but it is also a significant turning point in protecting your safety and asserting your rights under Alaska law. Once your petition has been filed and accepted, you can move on to Step 6, where you may request temporary, same-day protection through an ex parte order if you face an ongoing or imminent threat.

Step 6 — Ask for Ex Parte (Temporary) Protection if Needed

Once your petition is filed, the court may be able to issue a temporary or emergency order known as an ex parte Sexual Assault Protective Order. The term ex parte means the order can be granted without the respondent being present or notified first. This type of order is designed to provide immediate protection when there is clear evidence that you are in imminent danger of sexual assault or sexual stalking. Step 6 focuses on how to request this type of protection, what to expect from the process, and what obligations you will have after the order is issued.

Under Alaska Statute AS 18.65.850(c), a judge may issue a temporary SAPO if the petition and supporting materials show that an assault or stalking incident occurred or that the petitioner is in reasonable fear of such harm. You can make this request in your initial petition by checking the box labeled I am requesting an ex parte order because I am in immediate danger. If the clerk or judge determines that your situation qualifies, the review may occur within hours of filing. Some courts even have an on-call judge for emergency after-hours review, including weekends and holidays.

When requesting an ex parte order, you may be asked to provide additional details either in writing or verbally before a judge. This may happen in a short in-person session, by phone, or through video conference. This is not a full hearing; it is a focused review to confirm whether immediate protection is warranted before notifying the respondent. The judge will look for recent and specific facts—statements describing direct threats, unwanted contact, or recent assaults. For example, a statement such as The respondent followed me from my workplace to my home yesterday and waited outside for an hour is much stronger than general statements like I am afraid it might happen again.

Bring or reference your supporting documents from Step 3—screenshots, police reports, or photos of injuries. Even if you cannot present every piece of evidence at this stage, brief and credible references to these items can help the judge understand the urgency of your situation. If a police report has already been filed, provide the case number. If there were witnesses or medical visits, mention them briefly so the court knows corroborating evidence exists.

If the judge grants your ex parte SAPO, the temporary order typically lasts up to 20 days or until a full hearing is held, whichever comes first. The court will give you certified copies immediately. Review the order carefully before leaving the courthouse. It will specify the protections granted—such as no contact provisions, required distances the respondent must keep from your home or workplace, and any firearm restrictions. Make sure all addresses and boundaries are correct; if you notice an error, alert the clerk right away to have it corrected.

Once issued, law enforcement must serve the respondent with the order and your underlying petition. The protection is enforceable as soon as the respondent has been notified, though officers can often intervene even before formal service if they confirm the respondent has knowledge of the order. You should also provide a copy to any location where you fear contact, such as your employer, school, or apartment complex. Keep a copy with you at all times, whether on paper or stored securely on your phone.

If the court does not grant an ex parte order, do not assume your case has been denied entirely. In most cases, it simply means the judge determined that there was not enough immediate evidence of danger to issue a temporary order without notifying the respondent. You will still be scheduled for a full hearing, usually within 10 to 20 days, where you can present your full evidence and testimony. You can also submit additional documentation before that hearing if new threats or incidents occur.

It is important to understand that ex parte protection is temporary and limited to specific safety concerns. It is not a final judgment of guilt or innocence. The purpose is to provide you with breathing room—to stop contact, prevent escalation, and give you a protected window of time to prepare for the full hearing. During this period, you can work with advocates or legal counsel to organize your exhibits, contact witnesses, and prepare statements for the longer-term order.

If the respondent violates the temporary order, call 911 immediately. Violating any protective order in Alaska is a criminal offense under AS 11.56.740. Document the violation carefully—record dates, times, and what happened. Provide that information to both the police and the court as soon as possible. Repeat violations can strengthen your request for a long-term order and may also lead to criminal prosecution of the respondent.

The ex parte stage is often the most emotionally intense part of the process because it requires recounting traumatic events under pressure. Bring an advocate or trusted friend if possible. You can also ask the court for a private waiting area to avoid seeing the respondent, even though they will not yet be part of the ex parte review. Once you leave the courthouse with a temporary order in hand, focus on immediate next steps: ensuring service, informing your support network, and preparing for the upcoming full hearing.

By completing this step, you will have secured the most immediate layer of protection available under Alaska law. The next phase, Step 7, will focus on ensuring the respondent is properly served with your petition and any temporary orders so that your case can proceed to the formal hearing stage.

Step 7 — Service of Process on the Respondent

Once the court grants a temporary order or schedules a hearing, the next crucial step is ensuring that the respondent is properly notified. This process, called service of process, is required by law so that the respondent has formal notice of the proceedings and the opportunity to appear in court. Without valid service, the order may not be enforceable, and your hearing could be delayed. Service of process is a procedural safeguard that makes sure the court’s authority is properly established over the respondent.

In Alaska, service of process for a Sexual Assault Protective Order is typically carried out by law enforcement. When you file your petition, the clerk will ask for the respondent’s physical address, workplace, or other identifying information. The more details you can provide, the easier it will be for the police or a process server to locate and serve the respondent. Include as many identifiers as possible—home address, vehicle description, employer, phone number, or frequented locations. If you do not know the respondent’s exact address, provide the most recent known location and any relevant details, such as usually parks near Building C at XYZ Apartments.

There is no cost to you for service when it is performed by law enforcement under AS 18.65.850. The court will forward the documents to the appropriate agency—this may be the local police department, the Alaska State Troopers, or a village public safety officer (VPSO) depending on your community. The officer will personally deliver the petition, any temporary (ex parte) order, and the notice of hearing to the respondent. Once service is complete, the officer must file a “return of service” with the court to confirm that the documents were successfully delivered.

In urban areas, service usually happens within a few days, sometimes even the same day if the respondent’s location is clear. In rural or remote areas, travel constraints, weather, or limited staff may delay service. If more than a few days pass and you have not received confirmation, call the clerk’s office to check whether the return of service has been filed. You may also ask whether alternate arrangements are needed, such as transferring service to another jurisdiction or requesting help from the Alaska State Troopers.

In some cases, the respondent may attempt to evade service. If this happens, do not attempt to serve them yourself. Instead, inform the clerk or law enforcement about failed attempts and provide updated information if you learn of new addresses or sightings. The court can sometimes authorize alternative service methods, such as certified mail or posting, if personal delivery proves impossible. Each method requires prior approval from the judge, so communication with the clerk is essential.

Until service is completed, certain protections under the order may not yet be fully enforceable, though law enforcement can intervene if the respondent is aware of the order and violates it. For your safety, always carry a copy of the order with you and inform local police or security personnel at your workplace, school, or residence. This ensures they can respond quickly if the respondent appears or contacts you. You can also ask the court or an advocate to fax or email a copy of your order to local police departments in areas where you frequently travel.

Once the respondent is served, they have the legal right to attend the hearing and present their side. This can be intimidating, but it is part of the process that gives your order long-term enforceability. Most respondents do not contest the order, but if they do, it is your opportunity to present evidence and testimony to show why the order should continue. Step 8 will cover how to prepare effectively for that hearing.

It is important to note that service also provides a layer of safety. Once the respondent is officially notified, they are fully aware that violating the order constitutes a crime. Many respondents choose to cease contact after being served because they recognize the legal consequences. However, if the respondent violates the order even once after service, immediately report the incident to law enforcement and document the details. Violating a protective order in Alaska is a misdemeanor criminal offense under AS 11.56.740, and repeat violations can lead to arrest and prosecution.

If you move or change contact information before the hearing, inform the clerk immediately so that court notices reach you on time. You should also keep in close contact with any advocate or attorney assisting you; they can monitor court records to confirm that service has been completed and that your hearing remains scheduled as planned.

Completing proper service of process is one of the most important technical steps in securing long-term protection. It ensures that the respondent is legally bound by the court’s restrictions and that your case can proceed to a final decision. Once service has been confirmed, you can begin preparing your testimony, organizing exhibits, and working with witnesses for the upcoming hearing, which is covered in Step 8.

Step 8 — Prepare for the Full Hearing

After service has been completed and you receive notice of the hearing date, the next step is to prepare carefully for your court appearance. This hearing is your opportunity to explain to the judge why a long-term Sexual Assault Protective Order (SAPO) should remain in effect. Preparation is key because the judge must decide based on the facts you present and how clearly you convey them. The more organized and confident you are, the more likely the court will fully understand your experience and the protection you need.

Begin by reviewing your filed petition (CIV-750) and any attachments you submitted. Familiarize yourself with your own words and the key details you shared, including dates, locations, and specific incidents. The judge will read these materials before or during the hearing, so consistency between your written petition and oral testimony is important. If new incidents occurred after you filed, make a short written summary to bring to the hearing. You can request permission to add it as supplemental evidence. Be specific and factual, describing what happened, when, where, and how it made you feel unsafe.

Organize your evidence into a clear sequence. Label each document as an exhibit, such as Exhibit 1 – Screenshot of message from June 5, 2024 or Exhibit 2 – Photo of injury taken May 19, 2024. Use folders or envelopes to separate different types of evidence, such as photos, messages, medical notes, and police reports. Bring three copies of everything: one for yourself, one for the judge, and one for the respondent. This level of organization helps the hearing run smoothly and demonstrates credibility to the court.

If you have witnesses, confirm their availability for the hearing date. Witnesses can include friends, family, neighbors, coworkers, or professionals who observed relevant behavior, heard threats, or saw evidence of harm. They may either appear in person or provide sworn written statements, depending on the court’s discretion. Ask each witness to focus only on firsthand facts rather than opinions. For instance, I saw the respondent waiting outside her workplace is stronger than He seemed dangerous. The judge relies on verifiable observations, not speculation.

Consider requesting assistance from a victim advocate or a limited-scope attorney. Advocates can accompany you to court, help organize your documents, and provide emotional support before and during the hearing. If you need legal advice or anticipate that the respondent will have an attorney, it may be beneficial to seek limited representation from a legal aid service. The Alaska Network on Domestic Violence and Sexual Assault (ANDVSA) and local shelters can often connect you with pro bono or reduced-cost legal support.

You should also think about logistics in advance. Plan your transportation, confirm the courthouse address, and arrive at least 30 minutes early. If you feel unsafe encountering the respondent in the courthouse, inform the clerk or security staff as soon as you arrive. Many Alaska courthouses have separate waiting areas for petitioners in protective order cases. You can also request to appear by phone or video if in-person attendance is not safe or feasible. These accommodations should be arranged a few days before the hearing whenever possible.

During preparation, practice summarizing your story in a clear and chronological order. The judge will expect you to explain what happened, how often it happened, and why you are afraid it will continue without court protection. It helps to outline your key points on a piece of paper, focusing on specific events rather than broad emotions. For example, On July 3, 2024, the respondent texted me 17 times after I told him to stop, and then appeared outside my apartment communicates a clear pattern of harassment and escalation.

Review the relief you are requesting and make sure it matches what you will tell the judge. If you want the respondent to stay a certain distance away from your home, workplace, or school, verify those addresses and distances. If you need specific communication restrictions, such as blocking social media messages or contact through friends, note those as well. The judge can only include terms that you clearly request and justify.

If you require accessibility accommodations—such as an interpreter, hearing assistance, or a quiet waiting room—notify the clerk as soon as possible. These requests are handled confidentially and will not affect your case. Arranging them in advance helps ensure the hearing proceeds smoothly without unnecessary stress.

Finally, mentally prepare for the emotional aspects of the hearing. Seeing the respondent or recounting traumatic events can be difficult. You may ask the judge for a short break if you become overwhelmed. Bring a friend, advocate, or support person who can sit beside you. Remember that you are not on trial; the court’s role is to evaluate whether continued protection is necessary, not to judge your character or past decisions.

By the time you complete this step, you should feel organized, supported, and ready to tell your story clearly and confidently. The next step, Step 9, will describe what happens during the hearing itself—how testimony is presented, how evidence is submitted, and what to expect from the judge’s decision process.

Step 9 — Attend the Hearing and Present Evidence

The court hearing is the moment when your request for a Sexual Assault Protective Order (SAPO) is formally reviewed by a judge. This proceeding gives you the opportunity to explain your experience, present evidence, and demonstrate why continued protection is necessary. While it may feel intimidating, understanding the process in advance will help you navigate it calmly and effectively. The hearing is usually held within about 10 to 20 days of filing, depending on how quickly the respondent is served and the court’s schedule.

Plan to arrive early—at least 30 minutes before the scheduled time. Bring your copies of the petition, your exhibits, any witness statements, and identification. Check in with the courtroom clerk when you arrive. If you have an advocate or attorney, they should accompany you. Most courts will direct you to a designated waiting area separate from the respondent if you request it. Keep all documents organized and within easy reach, and turn your phone off or on silent mode before entering the courtroom.

When your case is called, the judge will first confirm the names of the parties and verify that the respondent has been properly served. If the respondent does not appear but has been served, the court can proceed without them and may issue a final order based on your testimony and written materials. If they appear, the judge will ensure that each side has a chance to speak. You will always present your case first as the petitioner.

When testifying, address the judge directly and speak clearly. Begin with the most recent or serious incidents and move chronologically through the key events. Focus on specific facts—what the respondent did, when, where, and how it affected your safety. Avoid speculation about their motives or feelings; instead, describe observable behavior. For example, The respondent came to my workplace three times in one week after I told him to stop contacting me is far more effective than He is obsessed with me. Judges look for patterns of behavior that demonstrate ongoing risk, not interpretations or assumptions.

When presenting evidence, offer each item one at a time. Tell the judge what the document or photograph is, when it was created, and how it relates to your testimony. For example, This is a screenshot of a text message the respondent sent me on June 15, threatening to come to my apartment. The judge will mark each exhibit and review it. Avoid submitting unnecessary or repetitive materials, as clarity and relevance strengthen your presentation. If the judge or respondent asks questions, answer briefly and truthfully.

If you have witnesses, the judge will invite them to testify after you. Each witness should explain what they personally observed—such as seeing the respondent near your home, hearing threats, or noticing your distress after incidents. They should not speak for you or speculate about your emotions. If a witness cannot attend in person, you may submit their signed statement, though the judge will decide how much weight to give written testimony.

The respondent will also have an opportunity to speak or present evidence. This part can be emotionally difficult, especially if they deny your allegations or attempt to discredit you. Stay composed and do not interrupt, even if their statements are false. The judge will consider credibility and may ask clarifying questions to both sides. Once the respondent finishes, you may be allowed to respond briefly, particularly if new facts are introduced.

Throughout the hearing, remember that the judge’s goal is to determine whether your safety requires ongoing protection. The decision is not about punishing the respondent but about preventing future harm. Judges in Alaska have experience handling sensitive cases and understand that trauma can affect how people recall and communicate events. Do your best to remain calm, and if you need a short break, respectfully ask the judge.

At the end of the hearing, the judge will announce the decision. If the SAPO is granted, the judge will specify how long it will remain in effect—typically up to one year—and outline the exact terms of protection. These may include no contact in any form, stay-away zones, and other safety provisions. You will receive certified copies before leaving the courthouse. If the order is denied, the judge will explain why and may suggest alternative remedies, such as filing a different type of protective order or pursuing criminal charges.

Once the hearing concludes, take a moment to review the order carefully. Confirm that all details are accurate, including addresses, names, and distances. Ask the clerk or advocate how to provide copies to law enforcement, your workplace, or school. Keep one copy with you at all times and store another in a safe location.

Attending the hearing is the pivotal moment of your case. It requires preparation, clarity, and composure, but it also brings resolution and legal authority to the protections you seek. Once the judge issues a final order, Step 10 will guide you through enforcement, modifications, extensions, or termination as your circumstances evolve.

Step 10 — Enforcement, Modification, Extension, or Termination

After a Sexual Assault Protective Order (SAPO) has been granted, your focus shifts from obtaining protection to maintaining and enforcing it. The effectiveness of the order depends on your understanding of its terms, how it is shared with law enforcement and relevant institutions, and your awareness of how to renew or modify it as circumstances change. This step covers what happens after the court’s decision, including how to ensure the order is properly enforced, how to request changes or extensions, and when to terminate it if it is no longer needed.

Start by reviewing the final order in detail before leaving the courthouse. Confirm that all names, addresses, and distances are correct. Check the expiration date and note it clearly on your calendar. Most SAPOs in Alaska last up to one year but can be extended if safety concerns continue. Ask the clerk for several certified copies—at least three to five. You will need these for different purposes: one for yourself, one for your local police department, and additional copies for your workplace, school, or other relevant locations. Some agencies may require a certified version to take action.

Next, distribute copies strategically. Take one to the law enforcement agency responsible for your area—this could be the city police or Alaska State Troopers. Ask them to enter the order into their records management system, ensuring that any officer responding to a call at your address can verify its existence immediately. If you live in a village served by a public safety officer (VPSO), provide them a copy as well. You can also request that your local courthouse forward an electronic version to law enforcement directly.

Provide a copy to any location where you spend significant time, such as your workplace, school, or place of worship. Employers and school administrators can help enforce stay-away zones and ensure staff know how to respond if the respondent appears. Some schools and employers have security officers who can communicate directly with police in case of violations. Keeping these entities informed creates multiple layers of protection.

If the respondent violates any part of the order—such as calling, texting, approaching you, or showing up in restricted areas—report it immediately by calling 911. Under Alaska Statute AS 11.56.740, violating a protective order is a criminal offense. Give the dispatcher your case number and describe what happened. If possible, document the incident with screenshots, voicemails, or notes including dates, times, and locations. Each report of violation strengthens the enforceability of your order and may support criminal prosecution or an extension later on.

As time passes, your situation may change. If you need to adjust the order—perhaps to add a new location, modify a distance restriction, or clarify communication terms—you can request a modification. To do so, visit the court where your original order was issued and ask for the appropriate motion form. Clearly explain what change you are requesting and why it is necessary. Judges generally grant modifications if they are justified by new facts or ongoing safety needs. Both you and the respondent will be notified of the modification hearing.

If your safety concerns persist as the expiration date approaches, you can request an extension of the SAPO. This must be done within 30 days before the expiration date or up to 60 days after, provided you can show good cause for the delay. File a motion using the designated extension form (often listed under CIV-755 or similar). Attach a brief statement explaining why continued protection is necessary, referencing any ongoing contact, threats, or fear of renewed harm. The court may hold a short hearing to confirm that circumstances still warrant protection. Once extended, the new order will replace the old one, and you should again distribute updated copies to law enforcement and relevant locations.

In some cases, you may decide that the SAPO is no longer needed. You can request termination by filing a motion to dissolve the order. The judge will review the request, often holding a brief hearing to ensure the decision is voluntary and informed. Reasons for termination may include relocation, resolved risk, or the respondent’s long-term compliance. Once the judge signs the termination order, law enforcement will be notified to remove it from their systems.

Even after termination or expiration, keep a copy of your court documents for personal records. They may be needed for future cases, safety planning, or evidence if new incidents occur. Some survivors find it helpful to store digital copies securely online or with a trusted family member.

Maintaining and enforcing a SAPO is an ongoing process. It requires attention to detail, proactive communication with law enforcement, and careful record-keeping. Remember that you have a right to seek continued protection as long as you feel unsafe. By staying organized, vigilant, and connected to advocacy resources, you ensure that the order remains an effective tool for your long-term safety.

With Step 10 complete, you have reached the final stage of the SAPO process—from identifying danger, filing and presenting your case, to enforcing and maintaining protection. If at any time you feel your safety is again at risk, the legal system allows you to return to court for renewed protection or assistance. Safety planning, advocacy support, and community awareness remain key elements of sustaining peace of mind after obtaining a protective order.

Costs associated

There is no filing fee for SAPOs under AS 18.65.850–.870. You might incur optional costs: certified copies, transportation, childcare, private service attempts if needed, or attorney fees. Ask the clerk which costs the court can waive or reduce.

Time required

Ex parte orders can be granted the same day when facts support immediate danger. Long-term hearings are typically scheduled quickly (often around 10 days after filing), but local dockets and service timing can affect exact dates. Extensions also require a hearing and valid service.

Limitations

• A SAPO is a civil order; it does not itself convict the respondent of a crime.
• Orders typically last up to one year unless extended; track your expiration date.
• Some relief requires respondent notice/service to be fully enforceable.
• Effectiveness depends on clear terms, valid service, and law-enforcement response.

Risks and unexpected problems

• Service delays can postpone protection; provide detailed address and schedule info.
• Insufficient factual detail can limit or prevent relief; bring organized evidence.
• Respondent retaliation or escalation; update safety plans and notify police immediately.
• Missed renewal windows can create protection gaps; calendar deadlines in advance.

Official sources and forms

• Alaska Court System – Domestic Violence, Stalking, or Sexual Assault (self-help & process overview)
• Alaska Court System – Forms Index (CIV-750 petition; CIV-751 instructions; extension forms)
• CIV-750 – Petition for Sexual Assault Protective Order (PDF)
• CIV-751 – Instructions for Requesting Protective Order (PDF)
• Alaska Statutes – AS 18.65.850 et seq. (SAPO authority, scope, duration)
• Alaska Statutes – AS 18.66.130 (Violation of protective order; criminal enforcement)